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ACD Country Profile |
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Iran |
General Profile
Location: Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman, the Persian Gulf, and the Caspian Sea, between Iraq and Pakistan
Area: total: 1.648 million sq km
land: 1.636 million sq km
water: 12,000 sq km
Climate: mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast
Terrain: rugged, mountainous rim; high, central basin with desert
Capital: Tehran
Administrative divisions: 30 provinces (ostanha, singular - ostan); Ardabil, Azarbayjan-e Gharbi, Azarbayjan-e Sharqi, Bushehr, Chahar Mahall va Bakhtiari, Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Hamadan, Hormozgan, Ilam, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan-e Janubi, Khorasan-e Razavi, Khorasan-e Shemali, Khuzestan, Kohgiluyeh va Buyer Ahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan, Markazi, Mazandaran, Qazvin, Qom, Semnan, Sistan va Baluchestan, Tehran, Yazd, Zanjan
Population: 68,017,860 (2005 est.)
Ethnic groups: Persian 51%, Azeri 24%, Gilaki and Mazandarani 8%, Kurd 7%, Arab 3%, Lur 2%, Baloch 2%, Turkmen 2%, other 1%
Nationality: noun: Iranian(s)
adjective: Iranian
Languages: Persian and Persian dialects 58%, Turkic and Turkic dialects 26%, Kurdish 9%, Luri 2%, Balochi 1%, Arabic 1%, Turkish 1%, other 2%
Religions: Shi'a Muslim 89%,Sunni Muslim 9%, Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian,and Baha'i 2%
Literacy: 79.4%
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Political Profile
Currency (Code): Iranian rial (IRR)
GDP: $551.6 billion (2005 est.)
GDP per capita: $8,100 (2005 est.)
Exports - commodities: petroleum , chemical and petrochemical products, fruits and nuts, carpets
Exports - partners: Japan , China , Italy , South Africa , South Korea , Taiwan, Turkey, Netherlands
Imports - commodities: industrial raw materials and intermediate goods, capital goods, oodstuffs and other consumer goods, technical services, military supplies
Imports - partners: Germany, France, Italy , China , UAE , South Korea , Russia
Agriculture - products: wheat, rice, other grains, sugar beets, fruit, nuts, cotton; dairy products wool; caviar
Industries: petroleum, petrochemicals, textiles, cement and other construxtion materials, food processing (particularly sugar refining and vegetable oil production, metal
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Economical Profile
Government type: theocratic republic
Executive branch:
� chief of state: Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Hoseini-KHAMENEI (since 4 June 1989)
� head of government: President Mahmud AHMADI-NEJAD (since 3 August 2005) First Vice President Dr. Mohammad Reza AREF-Yazdi (since 26 August 2001)
� cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the president with legislative approval
� elections: leader of the Islamic Revolution appointed for life by the Assembly of Experts; president elected by popular vote for a four-year term
National Holiday: Republic Day, 1 April (1979), Revolution Day, 11 Febuary (1979), Noruz (New Year�s Day), 2 August (1925) and various Islamic observances which change in accordance with the lunar-based heijira calendar
ACD Member: ACD Member since 2004
Prime Mover (PM) on Working Group: None
Co-Prime Mover on Working Group: None
Iran government official web site : www.president.ir
Source: The World Fact Book 2005 (www.cia.gov) |
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